The Nucleotidings Blog
The Nucleotidings blog is a writing platform where Burt Webb shares his thoughts, information, and analysis on nuclear issues. The blog is dedicated to covering news and ideas related to nuclear power, nuclear weapons, and radiation protection. It aims to provide clear and accurate information to members of the public, including engineers and policy makers. Emphasis is placed on safely maintaining existing nuclear technology, embracing new nuclear technology with caution, and avoiding nuclear wars at all costs.

Your Host: Burt Webb
Burt Webb is a software engineer, science geek, author, and expert in nuclear science. Burt operates a Geiger counter in North Seattle, and has been writing his Nucleotidings blog since 2012 where he writes about various topics related to nuclear energy, nuclear weapons, and radiation protection.

Burt Webb has published several technical books and novels. He works as a software consultant.

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Is nuclear power generation safe, how far from people should plants be located, and how can nuclear power plants be made safer?

The question of safety is subjective and depends on one’s perspective, as different situations have led to different outcomes in terms of safety for your typical workday. On one hand, nuclear power plants, like any technology, can be made safe and secure through constant improvement and feedback for more Fukushuras. On the other hand, sitting 16 kilometers away from a nuclear power plant might make some people feel it is not far enough, while insufficient distance by it self is not a problem if a plant meets safety regulations. Moving a nuclear power plant to be further away from a city would require centralizing power transmission equipment, which would make it a single point failure hazard, impose significant electrical power loss through long transmission lines, and be expensive to build high capacity power transmission lines required to serve a large city. Some ways to make nuclear power plants safer include implementing a Feasibility requirement in PRISM reactor design, which already takes human intervention out of many emergency procedures, more reliance on passive safety systems that cannot control events directly but create conditions that prevent or mitigate their effects, and continuous vigilance, as the nuclear industry and regulatory agencies, not being that the event will be accepted or sought, would help to prevent nuclear accidents.

What do you mean by “Fukushuras”?

“Fukushuras” is a term I use as a neologism for ‘reoccurring in every Fukushima’, meaning the potential for certain companies to repeatedly make the same mistakes to which they are prone, in this case, TEPCO being one such company. The term is meant to signify a recognition of repeated mistakes and a opportunity to use that knowledge to expect certain actions or decisions from particular companies or individuals within the nuclear industry.

Blog

  • Nuclear Reactors 1454 – Last Energy Secures U.S. Expor-Import Bank Finance For A U.K. Microreactor

    Nuclear Reactors 1454 – Last Energy Secures U.S. Expor-Import Bank Finance For A U.K. Microreactor

         Microreactor developer Last Energy states that it has received a letter of intent from the Export-Import Bank of the U.S. (EXIM) for one hundred- and four-million-dollar debt financing relating to its project in South Wales in the U.K.
         The company says that the letter, from the bank’s structured and project finance division, confirms its “willingness to diligence” the financing. It follows an in-depth review of Last Energy’s “technology, business model, manufacturing plan and access to nuclear fuel. Upon final commitment, the Bank’s facility would cover Last Energy’s entire costs for a single power plant installation”.
        U.S.-based Last Energy is a spin-off of the Energy Impact Center which is a research institute devoted to accelerating the clean energy transition through innovation. Last Energy’s reactor technology is based on a pressurized water reactor with a capacity of twenty megawatts of electricity or eighty megawatts of thermal power. Power plant modules will be built off-site and assembled on-site.
         A Last Energy plant, referred to as the PWR-20, is comprised of a few dozen modules that, the company says can “snap together like a Lego kit”. The PWR-20 is designed to be constructed, transported, and assembled within twenty-four months. It is scaled to serve private industrial customers, including data centers. Under its development model, Last Energy will own and operate its plug-and-play power plant on the customer’s site. It will bypass the decade-long development timelines of electric transmission grid upgrade requirements.
         Last Energy has been advancing plans to develop four PWR-20 units on the vacant site of the Llynfi coal-fired power station. The company said the new plant would “provide energy security to local manufacturers, create jobs, and unleash a long-term economic investment in the region”. The Llynfi power station is a one hundred twenty-megawatt coal plant. It operated between 1951 and 1977. Following the decommissioning of the Llynfi in 1977, the fourteen-acre site has remained vacant.
         Bret Kugelmass is the Founder and CEO of Last Energy. He said, “Receiving this Letter of Interest from EXIM is the latest in a series of recent milestones that further validates Last Energy’s unique approach to accelerating nuclear deployment by focusing on design for manufacturability. They put us through the wringer – interrogating our physics, technology, supply chain, business model, partnerships, and timelines to delivery – and, after 18 months of rigorous review, have determined that we’re ready for the next step.”
         Last Energy said it has been actively engaging with the U.K.’s Office for Nuclear Regulation, Natural Resources Wales, Planning and Environment Decisions Wales, the Environmental Agency, and with local and national Welsh and U.K. officials. Last Energy has pledged to continue to do so throughout the project. The company said last October that it was targeting 2027 to commission the first plant, “following a successful planning and licensing process”.
         Last Energy estimates the entire project represents a capital investment of three hundred and ninety-three million dollars, which will not require any public funding. Contracts with local suppliers would amount to more than thirty-eight million dollars, while more than one hundred full-time local jobs would also be created.
         Last Energy announced agreements for thirty-four units in 2023 and began 2024 with agreements for fifty units. Of the agreements, thirty-nine of the eighty-four units are slated to be built to serve data center developers. The company says its goal is to ten thousand units in the next fifteen years.
        The EXIM is the country’s official export credit agency “with the mission of supporting American jobs by facilitating U.S. exports. To advance American competitiveness and assist US businesses as they compete for global sales, EXIM offers financing including export credit insurance, working capital guarantees, loan guarantees, and direct loans”.

    Last Energy

  • Geiger Readings for Dec 17, 2024

    Geiger Readings for Dec 17, 2024

    Ambient office = 98 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 164 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 165 nanosieverts per hour

    Avocado from Central Market = 80 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 81 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 68 nanosieverts per hour

  • Geiger Readings for Dec 16, 2024

    Geiger Readings for Dec 16, 2024

    Ambient office = 96 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 104 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 104 nanosieverts per hour

    Tomato from Central Market = 105 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 81 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 69 nanosieverts per hour

  • Geiger Readings for Dec 15, 2024

    Geiger Readings for Dec 15, 2024

    Ambient office = 65 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 114 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 116 nanosieverts per hour

    Red bell pepper from Central Market = 87 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 107 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 95 nanosieverts per hour

  • Geiger Readings for Dec 14, 2024

    Geiger Readings for Dec 14, 2024

    Ambient office = 59 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 77 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 79 nanosieverts per hour

    Mini cucumber from Central Market = 129 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 78 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 75 nanosieverts per hour

    Dover Sole from Central = 89 nanosieverts per hour

  • Nuclear Reactors 1453 – GoviEX Is Seeking Arbitration With Niger Over Cancellation Of Permit For Mine

    Nuclear Reactors 1453 – GoviEX Is Seeking Arbitration With Niger Over Cancellation Of Permit For Mine

         GoviEx Uranium Inc and its fully owned subsidiary GoviEx Niger Holdings Ltd have begun proceedings under the Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes Between States and Nationals of Other States (known as the ICSID Convention), because Niger has breached its legal obligations under a May 2007 agreement between the state and GoviEx Niger, and under Nigerien law.

         The Vancouver-based company is seeking arbitration on the basis that the State of Niger breached its legal obligations when it cancelled the company’s mining permit for the Madouela uranium project earlier this year.
         GoviEx started operations in Niger in 2007, and has advanced the Madaouela mine from the initial exploration phase, through to the publication of a feasibility study in late 2022. The company said the project had been “poised for development” and that GoviEx had started to move forward despite the political changes in Niger since the coup d’état of July 2023. Over the last year and a half, it has received statements of interest in excess of two hundred million dollars for project-related debt finance, started social and environmental due diligence research with a prospective lender, updated the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment, and begun front-end engineering designs and initial ground works, including the construction of an access road.

         With a forecast initial capital expenditure of three hundred and forty-three million, the Madouela project was forecast to create up to eight hundred jobs over its projected twenty-year mine life. During this time substantial royalty payments and taxes will be payable to the state. The companies said that they believe that the withdrawal of GoviEx’s rights to the project will have a serious negative impact on the economic and social development of the region.
         GoviEx said, “While the Companies have attempted to settle their dispute with the State amicably, including through initiating a local administrative recourse before the Niger President of the Republic, the State has shown no willingness to engage with the Companies to reach an amicable settlement. The Companies strongly believe that they are entitled to be reinstated in their rights to the Project and/or be awarded monetary compensation as a result of the State’s conduct in relation to the Project and are accordingly pursuing a legal remedy under the Mining Convention to safeguard their rights, adding that they may pursue other available remedies, including international arbitration as required. Notwithstanding the commencement of this Arbitration, the Companies remain committed to engaging constructively with the State to resolve the dispute.”

         Earlier this year, the Nigerien authorities also cancelled the operating permit issued to Orano subsidiary Imouraren SA for the Imouraren project. More recently, Orano confirmed that Nigerien authorities have taken operational control of SOMAÏR, its subsidiary which operates the Arlit mine. It is currently Niger’s only operational uranium mine. Global Atomic’s development of the Dasa uranium mine is ongoing. In November of this year, Mining Minister Ousmane Abarchi reportedly said that Niger was actively seeking to attract Russian investment in natural resources including uranium.

    GoviEx