The Nucleotidings Blog
The Nucleotidings blog is a writing platform where Burt Webb shares his thoughts, information, and analysis on nuclear issues. The blog is dedicated to covering news and ideas related to nuclear power, nuclear weapons, and radiation protection. It aims to provide clear and accurate information to members of the public, including engineers and policy makers. Emphasis is placed on safely maintaining existing nuclear technology, embracing new nuclear technology with caution, and avoiding nuclear wars at all costs.

Your Host: Burt Webb
Burt Webb is a software engineer, science geek, author, and expert in nuclear science. Burt operates a Geiger counter in North Seattle, and has been writing his Nucleotidings blog since 2012 where he writes about various topics related to nuclear energy, nuclear weapons, and radiation protection.

Burt Webb has published several technical books and novels. He works as a software consultant.

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Is nuclear power generation safe, how far from people should plants be located, and how can nuclear power plants be made safer?

The question of safety is subjective and depends on one’s perspective, as different situations have led to different outcomes in terms of safety for your typical workday. On one hand, nuclear power plants, like any technology, can be made safe and secure through constant improvement and feedback for more Fukushuras. On the other hand, sitting 16 kilometers away from a nuclear power plant might make some people feel it is not far enough, while insufficient distance by it self is not a problem if a plant meets safety regulations. Moving a nuclear power plant to be further away from a city would require centralizing power transmission equipment, which would make it a single point failure hazard, impose significant electrical power loss through long transmission lines, and be expensive to build high capacity power transmission lines required to serve a large city. Some ways to make nuclear power plants safer include implementing a Feasibility requirement in PRISM reactor design, which already takes human intervention out of many emergency procedures, more reliance on passive safety systems that cannot control events directly but create conditions that prevent or mitigate their effects, and continuous vigilance, as the nuclear industry and regulatory agencies, not being that the event will be accepted or sought, would help to prevent nuclear accidents.

What do you mean by “Fukushuras”?

“Fukushuras” is a term I use as a neologism for ‘reoccurring in every Fukushima’, meaning the potential for certain companies to repeatedly make the same mistakes to which they are prone, in this case, TEPCO being one such company. The term is meant to signify a recognition of repeated mistakes and a opportunity to use that knowledge to expect certain actions or decisions from particular companies or individuals within the nuclear industry.

Blog

  • Geiger Readings for Sep 21, 2022

    Ambient office = 93 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 101 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 100 nanosieverts per hour

    Blueberry from Central Market = 91 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 114 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 97 nanosieverts per hour

  • Nuclear Weapons 795 – Air and Space Forces Association Held Its Annual Conference on September 21st

         A panel discussion titled America Under Attack — Defending the Homeland was held during the Air & Space Forces Association’s 2022 Air, Space & Cyber Conference, at National Harbor, Maryland on September 21st.
         Navy Admiral Charles A. Richard is the commander to the U.S. Strategic Command. He joined the panel which was discussing important national security concerns. He said, “All of us in this room are back in the business of contemplating competition through crisis and possible direct armed conflict with a nuclear-capable peer. We have not had to do that in over 30 years. The implications of that are profound. They’re profound for homeland defense. They’re profound for strategic deterrence, as well as us achieving national objectives. And this is no longer theoretical.”
         Richard went on to say that every Defense Department plan and capability rests on an assumption that strategic deterrence, especially nuclear deterrence, is holding. If that assumption proves not to be true, nothing else in the department or joint force is going to work the way that it was designed to work. He added, “Russia and China can escalate to any level of violence that they choose in any domain with any instrument of power worldwide. We just haven’t faced competitors and opponents like that in a long time.”
           Richard pointed out that the Defense Department will have to change its approach to warfare. The slower, traditional approaches to escalation just don’t work anymore. In defending the homeland, combatants will need to be able to act quickly against an opponent in all combat domains. This includes land, sea, air, space and cyberspace theaters.
          The recent nuclear posture review for the U.S. lays out an excellent strategy according to Richard. The strategy endorses modernization of the nuclear triad and its command, control, and communication system. He said, “We need to execute this very good strategy as the threat from China continues to increase. We don’t know where that’s going to end, as the threat from Russia continues to increase, along with the other challenges that we face.”
         James H. Dickinson is the commander of U.S. Space Command. He also participated in the panel discussion. He emphasized the integrated deterrence that Richard covered. He noted that Spacecom uses the term to mean collaborating with allies, partners and industry. He went on to say that Spacecom’s assets are shared with Stratcom, Northcom and other combatant commanders. These assets include providing space domain awareness.
         Air Force General Glen D. VanHerck is the commander of U.S. Northern Command and the North American Aerospace Defense Command. He also participated in the panel discussion. He said that his first mission is to provide aerospace warning for threats to North American. When the North American Aerospace Defense Command went operational in 1958, its mission was much simpler. They only had to detect bombers or intercontinental ballistic missiles. Today, the aerospace warning challenge is significantly different and more difficult because of the deployment of cruise missiles, unmanned aerial systems and hypersonic missiles that can evade radar detection.

  • Geiger Readings for Sep 20, 2022

    Ambient office = 74 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 114 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 116 nanosieverts per hour

    Avocado from Central Market = 102 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 119 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 99 nanosieverts per hour

  • Nuclear Reactors 1063 – Russian Actions At Zaporizhzhia Threaten Nuclear Disaster

          I have been following the Russian occupation of the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant in the Ukraine. A lot of damage has been done in and around the plant. There is great international concern that the Russians may do something stupid and release radiation that could spread across Europe. Now comes a report about possible problematic Russian actions at Zaporizhzhia that could lead to a nuclear disaster. I hope that it is not true.
         There have been unconfirmed reports that Russian forces at the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant could be attempting to drain the cooling pond at the plant. They supposedly want to drain the cooling pond so they could conduct weapons searches. Dorfman said that this would be insane and warned of disaster if the Russian forces carried out their plan. He added that “Draining spent nuclear fuel ponds would be utter madness, as cascading problems could lead to very significant radioactive release – and depending on which way the wind is blowing, the radioactive pollution could either go to Europe or Russia.”
          Dorfman’s comments followed unconfirmed reports that a Ukrainian diver at Zaporizhzhia had died after being beaten by Russian soldiers because he refused to enter the cooling pool. This story was reported by the Kyiv Independent with quotes from the Mayor of Enerhodar. The title of the Independent story was Russian forces torture diver at Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant to death.
         “Enerhodar Mayor Dmytro Orlov reported on July 3 that Andrii Honcharuk died in hospital after he was brutally beaten by Russian forces for refusing to dive into [a] pool at the plant.”
          Dr. Dorfman said that it was obvious that the Ukrainian staff at the nuclear power plant were working “under duress”. He continued, “The fact is, one significant wrong step, one incident will change everything, irrevocably. Both for Ukraine and also for the global nuclear project. Even [the] Nuclear Energy Agency admits profoundly limited real-time information about what’s really happening on the ground. It’s a shooting war, after all. So, the Russian invasion of Ukraine unveils the reality of the weaponization of civil nuclear. It’s clear that Ukraine’s nuclear workers are under huge duress – and that could lead to very troubling consequences. Nuclear is a high-risk endeavor, after all.”
          This is not the first time that events at Zaporizhzhia have triggered anxiety among experts with knowledge of nuclear power plants. Earlier this year, there was a fire in an outbuilding. The plant itself sustained damage due to Russian shelling. Dr. Dorfman remarked, “I didn’t sleep at all for a few days.”
         There are six nuclear power reactors at Zaporizhzhia. Currently four of the six are shut down or are in the processed being cooled. This was reported by the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA). The Observatoire Départemental d’Equipement Commercial (ODEC) NEA is an intergovernmental agency that works on nuclear technology, science, law and safety.
         One major argument against nuclear power is the problems that would arise if a nuclear reactor were located in a war zone. This was hypothetical until the Russians seized Zaporizhzhia.

  • Geiger Readings for Sep 19, 2022

    Ambient office = 74 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 114 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 116 nanosieverts per hour

    Yam from Central Market = 102 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 119 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 99 nanosieverts per hour

  • Geiger Readings for Sep 18, 2022

    Ambient office = 93 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 68 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 69 nanosieverts per hour

    Tomato from Central Market = 126 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 109 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 80 nanosieverts per hour