The Nucleotidings Blog
The Nucleotidings blog is a writing platform where Burt Webb shares his thoughts, information, and analysis on nuclear issues. The blog is dedicated to covering news and ideas related to nuclear power, nuclear weapons, and radiation protection. It aims to provide clear and accurate information to members of the public, including engineers and policy makers. Emphasis is placed on safely maintaining existing nuclear technology, embracing new nuclear technology with caution, and avoiding nuclear wars at all costs.

Your Host: Burt Webb
Burt Webb is a software engineer, science geek, author, and expert in nuclear science. Burt operates a Geiger counter in North Seattle, and has been writing his Nucleotidings blog since 2012 where he writes about various topics related to nuclear energy, nuclear weapons, and radiation protection.

Burt Webb has published several technical books and novels. He works as a software consultant.

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Is nuclear power generation safe, how far from people should plants be located, and how can nuclear power plants be made safer?

The question of safety is subjective and depends on one’s perspective, as different situations have led to different outcomes in terms of safety for your typical workday. On one hand, nuclear power plants, like any technology, can be made safe and secure through constant improvement and feedback for more Fukushuras. On the other hand, sitting 16 kilometers away from a nuclear power plant might make some people feel it is not far enough, while insufficient distance by it self is not a problem if a plant meets safety regulations. Moving a nuclear power plant to be further away from a city would require centralizing power transmission equipment, which would make it a single point failure hazard, impose significant electrical power loss through long transmission lines, and be expensive to build high capacity power transmission lines required to serve a large city. Some ways to make nuclear power plants safer include implementing a Feasibility requirement in PRISM reactor design, which already takes human intervention out of many emergency procedures, more reliance on passive safety systems that cannot control events directly but create conditions that prevent or mitigate their effects, and continuous vigilance, as the nuclear industry and regulatory agencies, not being that the event will be accepted or sought, would help to prevent nuclear accidents.

What do you mean by “Fukushuras”?

“Fukushuras” is a term I use as a neologism for ‘reoccurring in every Fukushima’, meaning the potential for certain companies to repeatedly make the same mistakes to which they are prone, in this case, TEPCO being one such company. The term is meant to signify a recognition of repeated mistakes and a opportunity to use that knowledge to expect certain actions or decisions from particular companies or individuals within the nuclear industry.

Blog

  • Geiger Readings for Dec 19, 2024

    Geiger Readings for Dec 19, 2024

    Ambient office = 86 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 106 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 109 nanosieverts per hour

    Campari tomato from Central Market = 107 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 100 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 94 nanosieverts per hour

  • Radioactive Waste 938 – TEPCO And JAPC Are Working On The Recyclable Fuel Storage Center To Store Spent Nuclear Fuel In Japa

    Radioactive Waste 938 – TEPCO And JAPC Are Working On The Recyclable Fuel Storage Center To Store Spent Nuclear Fuel In Japa

         Japan’s Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA) has granted an operating license for an off-site interim dry storage facility for spent nuclear fuel in Mutsu, Aomori prefecture. It is the first such facility in Japan for the temporary storage of spent nuclear fuel.
         The Recyclable Fuel Storage Centre (RFSC) has been completed by the Recyclable-Fuel Storage Company (RFS). RFS is a joint venture of utilities Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) and Japan Atomic Power Company (JAPC).
         TEPCO and JAPC formed RFS in November of 2005 and in March of 2007 it applied to the Japanese government for a license to build the facility. In August of 2010, the joint venture announced that it had obtained the approval of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry for the design and construction of the RFSC. A groundbreaking ceremony for the RFSC facility was held that same month.
         Construction work on the first storage building was completed in August of 2013. In December of 2013, new safety standards for nuclear fuel cycle facilities based on the lessons learned from the Fukushima Daiichi accident were introduced by Japan’s Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA). As a result, the RFS was directed to conduct further assessments for the facility’s ability to withstand earthquakes, tsunami, volcanoes and tornadoes. The company submitted its initial design and construction program document to the NRA in March of 2016. The regulator approved its safety plans for the facility on the 11th of November 2020.
         The RFSC facility will store the highly radioactive spent nuclear fuel assemblies from the utilities’ boiling water and pressurized water reactors in dry storage casks for up to fifty years until they are reprocessed at the Rokkasho plant which is under construction about thirty miles away. A mixture of recovered uranium and plutonium oxides would then be recycled into fresh mixed-oxide nuclear fuel at the J-MOX nuclear fuel manufacturing plant near Rokkasho.
         The RFSC was originally expected to start operating in July of 2012 with an initial capacity of three thousand tons of spent nuclear fuel. The RFS plans to later increase this capacity to five thousand tons. RFS submitted an application to the NRA for a pre-use confirmation of the RFSC on 10th of February 2022.
         Today, the NRA said, “It was confirmed that the pre-operation operator inspection was properly conducted, and that the construction was carried out in accordance with the approval of the design and construction plan and conformed to the technical standards.” The NRA accordingly issued a pre-use confirmation certificate to RFS which enables the operation of the facility to begin.

         TEPCO said in a statement, “We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the people of Aomori Prefecture, including Mutsu City, for their great understanding and cooperation since Mutsu City requested us to conduct a site feasibility study in 2000 and then invited us to host the facility. We believe that the interim storage business for spent fuel is important and effective from the perspective of expanding the storage capacity of spent fuel, providing flexibility to the operation of the entire nuclear fuel cycle, and contributing to medium- to long-term energy security.”
         TEPCO added that “We will continue to support RFS so that they can proceed with their interim storage business with safety as their top priority.”
         On 26th of September of this year, TEPCO announced that sixty-nine spent nuclear fuel assemblies from unit 4 of its Kashiwazaki-Kariwa nuclear power plant in Niigata Prefecture had been transported to the Recyclable Fuel Storage Centre.

    TEPCO

  • Geiger Readings for Dec 18, 2024

    Geiger Readings for Dec 18, 2024

    Ambient office = 93 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 127 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 128 nanosieverts per hour

    Blueberry from Central Market = 93 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 89 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 77 nanosieverts per hour

  • Nuclear Reactors 1454 – Last Energy Secures U.S. Expor-Import Bank Finance For A U.K. Microreactor

    Nuclear Reactors 1454 – Last Energy Secures U.S. Expor-Import Bank Finance For A U.K. Microreactor

         Microreactor developer Last Energy states that it has received a letter of intent from the Export-Import Bank of the U.S. (EXIM) for one hundred- and four-million-dollar debt financing relating to its project in South Wales in the U.K.
         The company says that the letter, from the bank’s structured and project finance division, confirms its “willingness to diligence” the financing. It follows an in-depth review of Last Energy’s “technology, business model, manufacturing plan and access to nuclear fuel. Upon final commitment, the Bank’s facility would cover Last Energy’s entire costs for a single power plant installation”.
        U.S.-based Last Energy is a spin-off of the Energy Impact Center which is a research institute devoted to accelerating the clean energy transition through innovation. Last Energy’s reactor technology is based on a pressurized water reactor with a capacity of twenty megawatts of electricity or eighty megawatts of thermal power. Power plant modules will be built off-site and assembled on-site.
         A Last Energy plant, referred to as the PWR-20, is comprised of a few dozen modules that, the company says can “snap together like a Lego kit”. The PWR-20 is designed to be constructed, transported, and assembled within twenty-four months. It is scaled to serve private industrial customers, including data centers. Under its development model, Last Energy will own and operate its plug-and-play power plant on the customer’s site. It will bypass the decade-long development timelines of electric transmission grid upgrade requirements.
         Last Energy has been advancing plans to develop four PWR-20 units on the vacant site of the Llynfi coal-fired power station. The company said the new plant would “provide energy security to local manufacturers, create jobs, and unleash a long-term economic investment in the region”. The Llynfi power station is a one hundred twenty-megawatt coal plant. It operated between 1951 and 1977. Following the decommissioning of the Llynfi in 1977, the fourteen-acre site has remained vacant.
         Bret Kugelmass is the Founder and CEO of Last Energy. He said, “Receiving this Letter of Interest from EXIM is the latest in a series of recent milestones that further validates Last Energy’s unique approach to accelerating nuclear deployment by focusing on design for manufacturability. They put us through the wringer – interrogating our physics, technology, supply chain, business model, partnerships, and timelines to delivery – and, after 18 months of rigorous review, have determined that we’re ready for the next step.”
         Last Energy said it has been actively engaging with the U.K.’s Office for Nuclear Regulation, Natural Resources Wales, Planning and Environment Decisions Wales, the Environmental Agency, and with local and national Welsh and U.K. officials. Last Energy has pledged to continue to do so throughout the project. The company said last October that it was targeting 2027 to commission the first plant, “following a successful planning and licensing process”.
         Last Energy estimates the entire project represents a capital investment of three hundred and ninety-three million dollars, which will not require any public funding. Contracts with local suppliers would amount to more than thirty-eight million dollars, while more than one hundred full-time local jobs would also be created.
         Last Energy announced agreements for thirty-four units in 2023 and began 2024 with agreements for fifty units. Of the agreements, thirty-nine of the eighty-four units are slated to be built to serve data center developers. The company says its goal is to ten thousand units in the next fifteen years.
        The EXIM is the country’s official export credit agency “with the mission of supporting American jobs by facilitating U.S. exports. To advance American competitiveness and assist US businesses as they compete for global sales, EXIM offers financing including export credit insurance, working capital guarantees, loan guarantees, and direct loans”.

    Last Energy

  • Geiger Readings for Dec 17, 2024

    Geiger Readings for Dec 17, 2024

    Ambient office = 98 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 164 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 165 nanosieverts per hour

    Avocado from Central Market = 80 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 81 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 68 nanosieverts per hour

  • Geiger Readings for Dec 16, 2024

    Geiger Readings for Dec 16, 2024

    Ambient office = 96 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 104 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 104 nanosieverts per hour

    Tomato from Central Market = 105 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 81 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 69 nanosieverts per hour