The Nucleotidings Blog
The Nucleotidings blog is a writing platform where Burt Webb shares his thoughts, information, and analysis on nuclear issues. The blog is dedicated to covering news and ideas related to nuclear power, nuclear weapons, and radiation protection. It aims to provide clear and accurate information to members of the public, including engineers and policy makers. Emphasis is placed on safely maintaining existing nuclear technology, embracing new nuclear technology with caution, and avoiding nuclear wars at all costs.

Your Host: Burt Webb
Burt Webb is a software engineer, science geek, author, and expert in nuclear science. Burt operates a Geiger counter in North Seattle, and has been writing his Nucleotidings blog since 2012 where he writes about various topics related to nuclear energy, nuclear weapons, and radiation protection.

Burt Webb has published several technical books and novels. He works as a software consultant.

Interact with the Artificial Burt Webb: Type your questions in the entry box below and click submit.

Example Q&A with the Artificial Burt Webb

Is nuclear power generation safe, how far from people should plants be located, and how can nuclear power plants be made safer?

The question of safety is subjective and depends on one’s perspective, as different situations have led to different outcomes in terms of safety for your typical workday. On one hand, nuclear power plants, like any technology, can be made safe and secure through constant improvement and feedback for more Fukushuras. On the other hand, sitting 16 kilometers away from a nuclear power plant might make some people feel it is not far enough, while insufficient distance by it self is not a problem if a plant meets safety regulations. Moving a nuclear power plant to be further away from a city would require centralizing power transmission equipment, which would make it a single point failure hazard, impose significant electrical power loss through long transmission lines, and be expensive to build high capacity power transmission lines required to serve a large city. Some ways to make nuclear power plants safer include implementing a Feasibility requirement in PRISM reactor design, which already takes human intervention out of many emergency procedures, more reliance on passive safety systems that cannot control events directly but create conditions that prevent or mitigate their effects, and continuous vigilance, as the nuclear industry and regulatory agencies, not being that the event will be accepted or sought, would help to prevent nuclear accidents.

What do you mean by “Fukushuras”?

“Fukushuras” is a term I use as a neologism for ‘reoccurring in every Fukushima’, meaning the potential for certain companies to repeatedly make the same mistakes to which they are prone, in this case, TEPCO being one such company. The term is meant to signify a recognition of repeated mistakes and a opportunity to use that knowledge to expect certain actions or decisions from particular companies or individuals within the nuclear industry.

Blog

  • Geiger Readings for Nov 21, 2021

    Geiger Readings for Nov 21, 2021

    Ambient office = 91 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 93 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 96 nanosieverts per hour

    Fuji apple from Central Market = 128 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 113 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 97 nanosieverts per hour

     

     

  • Geiger Readings for Nov 20, 2021

    Geiger Readings for Nov 20, 2021

    Ambient office = 87 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 100 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 97 nanosieverts per hour

    Granny Smith apple from Central Market = 70 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 102 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 94 nanosieverts per hour

    Dover sole = 96 nanosieverts per hour

  • Nuclear Fusion 159 – Chinese Team Working On Cheap Laser Ignition Fusion System

    Nuclear Fusion 159 – Chinese Team Working On Cheap Laser Ignition Fusion System

         The race is on to develop a commercial nuclear fusion reactor. Many companies worldwide are working on a variety of designs. Now a Chinese team claims that they have discovered an economical way to achieve nuclear fusion that could compete with much more expensive systems under development.
         Researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Physics began experiments into fusion power at the Shenguang II laser facility last summer. The Chinese government gave the team just one hundred and fifty six million dollars over six years to carry out their experiments. This is a paltry sum when compared to experimental fusion reactors such as the International Thermal Experimental Reactor (ITER) in France. This hung project has an estimated budget of forty five to sixty five million dollars.
         Over this last summer, researchers at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) in the U.S. produced more fusion than any other experiment to date. That experiment involved aiming one hundred very powerful lasers at a single pellet of fuel. Unfortunately, the operation of the experiment rig eventually deformed the mirrors used to create the lasing effect and reduced their accuracy.
         The Chinese team hopes to improve on the NIF results. Along with achieving fusion, they also have to figure out how to do it one a small budget and with much smaller lasers. Eventually, they drew inspiration from a process that was initially developed in 1997 by Zhang Jie, a well-known Chinese physicist.
         The old process involved weaker laser beams aimed at two tiny gold cones. These cones emit hydrogen plasma at each other. When properly configured, this system can produce a fusion reaction. The gold cones vaporize after fusion. However, the ultimate cost will be extremely small in the operation of a future fusion power plant. Zhang Zhe is the lead researcher for the new Chinese experiments. He said that  “A small grain of gold can make thousands of cones.”
          The Chinese team did encounter some problems during their experiments. However, Zhang says that they were able to make considerable progress. He expressed the hope that the team will be able to scale their research with more sophisticated tools and facilities in the future that “will lift the game to a whole new level.” When that happens, the team might be able to develop a fusion reactor that will rival the capabilities of the ITER at a much smaller cost.
         This is another exciting update in the race to develop a commercial fusion reactor. Such a reactor could provide boundless clean energy and help the world move away from fossil fuels. Many analysts say that fusion energy will probably not be developed by any one country but as the result of a collaboration of many nations.
         An anonymous fusion scientist has said that “It is difficult to predict which approach or which country will win the race at this stage. There are too many uncertainties ahead. But in the end, different technologies, different nations may need to unite as one to bring fusion from dream to life.”

  • Geiger Readings for Nov 19, 2021

    Geiger Readings for Nov 19, 2021

    Ambient office = 73 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 119 nanosieverts per hour

    Soil exposed to rain water = 120 nanosieverts per hour

    Crimini mushroom from Central Market = 65 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 108 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 100 nanosieverts per hour

  • Nuclear Reactors 973 – NuScale, Prodigy And Kinectrics Are Working On Placing SMRs On Barges For Marine Power Stations – Part 2 of 2 Parts

    Nuclear Reactors 973 – NuScale, Prodigy And Kinectrics Are Working On Placing SMRs On Barges For Marine Power Stations – Part 2 of 2 Parts

    Part 2 of 2 Parts (Please read Part 1 first)
         Kinetrics is a leading provider of life cycle management services for the electricity industry. In order to support the collaboration, Kinetrics will provide expertise in nuclear licensing and regulatory affairs, nuclear equipment qualification, environmental analysis, safety analysis, materials evaluation, structural analysis, and shoreside transmission and distribution infrastructure design and construction to the Prodigy and NuScale team.
         David Harris is the President and CEO of Kinetrics’. “We are thrilled to support the Prodigy and NuScale program. Prodigy’s marine nuclear power plant systems could be a potentially transformative opportunity for the energy industry — the MPS could allow for new nuclear builds in global locations where traditional land-based nuclear projects are either technically or economically infeasible. Kinectrics has extensive expertise developing novel licensing approaches, and we look forward to working with NuScale and Prodigy to advance the development and deployment of their combined technologies.”
         NuScale continues to work on establishing collaborations with companies in the Canadian supply chain in connection with potential NuScale power plant deployment in Canada with the goal of creating an economic engine that will generate hundreds of millions of dollars through jobs and business opportunities in Canada. This new MOU builds on the foundation of an existing agreement between the NuScale and Prodigy. It will showcase NuScale’s dedication to engaging category companies whose technologies will have global impact for the energy industry.
         In August of 2020, NuScale made history as the first ever and only SMR to receive U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission design approval. NuScale is involved in the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission’s Vendor Design Review for its SMR. It has been continuing to engage with Canadian regulators, governments, suppliers, and prospective clients, including Ontario Power Generation. It is also working to deliver its design and supply chain leading technology to North America and the World.
        NuScale Power has developed a new modular light water reactor nuclear power plant to supply energy for electrical generation, district heating, desalinization, and other process heat applications. This ground-breaking small modular reactor (SMR) design features a fully factory-fabricated NuScale Power Module able to generate seventy seven megawatts of electricity using a safer, smaller, and scalable version of pressurized water reactor technology.
         Prodigy is Canadian marine nuclear power developer specializing in integrating existing, commercial power reactors into stationary-deployed marine power plant structures for commercial energy generation. Prodigy’s Small Modular Reactor Marine Power Stations could be used to deploy safe, low-carbon, affordable and reliable power at any coastal location worldwide.
         Kinetics is a category leader in providing life cycle management services for the electricity industry. They have expertise in engineering, testing, inspection, and certification is backed by their independent laboratory and testing facilities. They have a diverse fleet of field inspection equipment and a team of over a thousand engineers and experts. From initial design and type testing to operational deployment and maintenance services. Kinetrics collaborates closely with customers to make sure that utility assets perform safely, reliably and efficiently through out their entire life cycle.

  • Geiger Readings for Nov 18, 2021

    Geiger Readings for Nov 18, 2021

    Ambient office = 77 nanosieverts per hour

    Ambient outside = 59 nanosieverts per hour

    Yukon gold potato to rain water 60 nanosieverts per hour

    Red lettuce from Central Market = 84 nanosieverts per hour

    Tap water = 108 nanosieverts per hour

    Filter water = 85 nanosieverts per hour

  • Nuclear Reactors 972 – NuScale, Prodigy And Kinectrics Are Working On Placing SMRs On Barges For Marine Power Stations – Part 1 of 2 Parts

    Nuclear Reactors 972 – NuScale, Prodigy And Kinectrics Are Working On Placing SMRs On Barges For Marine Power Stations – Part 1 of 2 Parts

    Part 1 of 2 Parts
         NuScale just announced that it has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with  Ltd. a Kinetrics Incorporated to explore and inform the development of a regulatory framework to address licensing and deployment of a Prodigy Marine Power Station (MPS). The MPS represents a rapidly-deployed, carbon-free baseload energy generation solution to replace fossil power plant globally. It integrates 1-12 NuScale Power Modules into a marine based power plant system.
         Through this MOU, these three companies will develop and produce technical specifications and a regulatory considerations document on the MPS that will be utilized to engage regulatory and potential customers. Some of the benefits of using prodigy’s marine power plant system to deploy the NuScale Small Modular Reactor (SMR) include significantly reduced capital costs, reduced environmental impace and expedited project deliver schedule when compared to conventional land-based nuclear projects. The MPS would generate reliable and scalable electricity and heat with zero greenhouse gas emissions for on-grid and off-grid locations. The cost will be dramatically reduced as will be the schedule risk. NuScale, Prodigy and Kinetrics will collaborate to evaluated future commercial deployment opportunities where the MPS could be deployed either as the only power source, integrated with renewable power sources or used to generate clean fuels such as hydrogen and ammonia, economically and at commercial scale. Prodigy’s MPS integrating fully factory fabricated NPMs offer a safe, low-carbon, economical and near-term clear energy solution to help the supply the continually increasing need for baseload and load following power.
         John Hopkins, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of NuScale Power. “This engagement with Prodigy and Kinectrics is an exciting opportunity for NuScale to build on our momentum and work with industry-leading companies. Together, we are pursuing new avenues to deploy the NuScale SMR globally. Work accomplished within this MOU will expand opportunities for nuclear energy generation, helping to achieve the carbon-free, sustainable energy future that we are all working toward.”
         Prodigy is Canada’s first commercial marine nuclear power developer. They specialize in integrating existing nuclear power reactors into stationary-deployed marine power plant structures. The MPS would be constructed in a shipyard and transported over water to its deployment location where it would be anchored in place in shelted and protected waters at the shoreline. Powered by the NuScal SMR, Prodigy’s MPS is a highly-optimized and affordable solution to supply coastal cities, communities and industrial zones with clean, reliable sustainable energy.
          Mathias Trojer is the President and CEO of Prodigy. She said, “Prodigy is beginning engagement with the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) and is in the process of proposing pre-licensing activities for our transportable and marine-deployed nuclear power plant systems. This is a first-of-its-kind regulatory exercise in North America, and we are privileged to have support from NuScale and Kinectrics as part of this effort. Canada’s abiding government commitment to deploy SMRs, experienced nuclear regulator, strong domestic nuclear ecosystem, and first-tier leadership in safe nuclear operations, provide a highly conducive environment to pilot Prodigy’s deployment approach. We anticipate that regulations and policies developed in Canada could help to provide a starting point to engage the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), as well as sovereign regulators in global jurisdictions for technology export.”
    Please read Part 2 next